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Ancient fire pits were sometimes built from the ground, within caves, or in the middle of a hut or home. Evidence of prehistoric, man-made flames exists on all five inhabited continents. The disadvantage of early indoor fire pits was that they produced toxic and/or irritating smoke within the house.Fire pits grown into elevated hearths in structures, but venting smoke relied on open windows or openings in roofs. The medieval great hall typically had a centrally located hearth, where an open fire burnt with all the smoke climbing into the port in the roof. Louvers were developed during the Middle Ages to enable the roof vents to be covered so rain and snow would not enter.

Also throughout the Middle Ages, smoke canopies were devised to prevent smoke from spreading through an area and vent it out through a ceiling or wall. These can be placed against rock walls, rather than taking up the center of the room, and this allowed smaller chambers to be heated.Chimneys were invented in northern Europe in the 11th or 12th centuries and largely fixed the issue of fumes, more faithfully venting smoke out. They made it feasible to give the fireplace a draft, and made it possible to place fireplaces in numerous rooms in buildings handily. They didn't come into general usage instantly, however, since they were more expensive to develop and maintain.

The 18th century saw two major developments in the history of fireplaces. Benjamin Franklin developed a convection chamber for the fireplace which greatly enhanced the efficacy of fireplaces and wood stoves. He also improved the airflow by pulling air from a basement and venting out a lengthier place at the top. In the later 18th century, Count Rumford made a fireplace using a tall, shallow firebox that has been better at drawing up the smoke and from the building. The shallow design improved greatly the amount of radiant warmth projected into the space. Rumford's design is the basis for modern kitchens.

The Aesthetic movement of the 1870s and 1880s took to a more traditional spectra based on stone and also deflected unnecessary ornamentation. Instead it depended on simple layouts with little unnecessary ornamentation. In the 1890s the Aesthetic movement gave way into the Arts and Crafts movement, where the emphasis was still placed on supplying quality gems. Stone fireplaces now were a sign of wealth, which to a degree is still the notion today.A fireplace is a construction made of brick, stone or metal made to contain a fire. Fireplaces are utilized for its relaxing ambiance they create and also for heating a room. Modern fireplaces change in heat efficacy, based upon the design.

Historically they were utilized for heating a dwelling, cooking, and heating water for laundry and domestic uses.

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On the exterior there is frequently a corbeled brick crown, where the projecting courses of brick act as a drip course to keep rainwater from running down the exterior walls. A hood, cap, or shroud functions to keep rainwater out of the exterior of the chimney; rain in the chimney is a much larger difficulty in chimneys lined with impervious flue tiles or metallic liners than with the traditional masonry chimney, which soaks up all but the most violent rain. A few chimneys have a spark arrestor incorporated into the cap or crown.

Organizations like the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the Washington Department of Ecology warn that, according to different studies, fireplaces could pose a significant health risk. The EPA writes"Smoke may smell great, but it's not good for you.

Kinds of fireplacesManufactured fireplaces are made with sheet glass or metal fire boxes.Electric fireplaces can be built-in replacements for either gas or wood or retrofit with log inserts or electric fireboxes.A few types are, wall mounted electric fireplaces, electric fireplace stoves, electric mantel fireplaces and fixed or free standing electric fireplaces.

Masonry and prefabricated fireplaces can be fueled by wood, natural gas, biomass and gas fuel sources. Ventless Fireplaces (duct free/room-venting fireplaces) are fueled by gel, liquid propane, bottled gas or natural gas. In the United States, several states and local businesses have laws limiting these kinds of fireplaces. They must be suitably sized to the area to be heated. There are also air quality management problems because of the amount of moisture they discharge into the room air, and oxygen sensor and carbon monoxide sensors are security essentials. Direct vent fireplaces are fueled by either liquid propane or natural gas. They are totally sealed from the place that is heated, and vent all exhaust gasses into the exterior of the structure.

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AccessoriesFor the interior, common in current Western cultures comprise grates, fireguards, log boxes, andirons, bark baskets, and fire dogs, all of which cradle fuel and accelerate burning. A grate (or fire grate) is a frame, usually of iron bars, to retain fuel to your fire. Heavy metallic firebacks are sometimes used to capture and re-radiate heat, to safeguard the back of the fireplace, and as decoration. Fenders are low metal frames placed before the fireplace to include embers, soot and ash. Other wider accessories can include log baskets, companion sets, coal buckets, cabinet accessories and much more.

Over time, the purpose of fireplaces has changed from one of necessity to one of interest. Early ones were more fire pits compared to contemporary fireplaces. They have been used for heat on cold days and nights, as well as for cooking. They also functioned as a gathering place inside the house. These fire pits were usually centered within a space, allowing more individuals to collect around it.

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Many flaws were found in early fireplace designs. Along with the Industrial Revolution, came big scale housing developments, necessitating a standardization of fireplaces. The most renowned fireplace designers of this period were the Adam Brothers. They perfected a style of fireplace design that was used for generations. It had been smaller, more brightly colored, with an emphasis on the level of the materials used in their construction, instead of their dimensions.

From the 1800s newest fireplaces were composed of two parts, the surround and the insert. The encircle consisted of the mantlepiece and sides supports, typically in wood, marble or granite. The fit was where the fire burnt, and was constructed of cast iron often backed with decorative tiles. As well as providing heat, the fireplaces of the Victorian age were believed to bring a cozy ambiance into houses.

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Some fireplace units include a blower which transports more of the fireplace's heat to the atmosphere via convection, resulting in a more evenly heated area and a decrease heating load. Fireplace efficiency is also enhanced with the use of a fireback, a sheet of metal that sits behind the flame and reflects heat back into the room. Firebacks are traditionally made from cast iron, but are also made from stainless steel. Efficiency is a complicated notion though with open hearth fireplaces. Most efficiency tests consider just the effect of heating of the air. An open fireplace isn't, and never was, intended to warm the atmosphere. The best method to gauge the output signal of a fireplace is if you notice you are turning the thermostat up or down.

Most elderly fireplaces have a comparatively low efficiency score. Standard, contemporary, weatherproof masonry fireplaces still possess an efficiency rating of 80% (legal minimum necessity for example in Salzburg/Austria). To boost efficiency, fireplaces can also be modified by inserting special heavy fireboxes developed to burn much cleaner and may reach efficiencies as large as 80% in heating the air. These altered fireplaces are often equipped with a massive fire window, enabling an efficient heating process in two stages. During the first phase the first heat is offered through a large glass window while the flame is burning. In this time period the structure, built of refractory bricks, absorbs the heat. This heat is then evenly radiated for several hours during the next stage. Masonry fireplaces without a glass fire window only offer heat radiated from its surface. Depending on outside temperatures 1 to two daily firings are sufficient to guarantee a constant room temperature.ethanol fireplace