Ancient fire pits were sometimes constructed in the floor, in caves, or at the middle of a hut or home. Evidence of prehistoric, man-made fires is present on all five inhabited continents. The disadvantage of premature indoor fire pits was that they generated hazardous or annoying smoke within the dwelling.Fire pits developed into raised hearths in structures, but ventilation smoke relied on open windows or holes in roofs. The medieval great hall typically had a centrally located hearth, where an open fire burned with all the smoke rising to the vent in the roof. Louvers were developed during the Middle Ages to enable the roof vents to be coated so rain and snow would not enter.
Additionally during the Middle Ages, smoke canopies were invented to prevent smoke from dispersing an area and vent it out via a wall or roof. These can be placed against stone walls, rather than taking up the center of the room, and this enabled smaller chambers to be heated.Chimneys were invented in northern Europe from the 11th or 12th centuries and mostly fixed the issue of fumes, more faithfully venting smoke out. They made it possible to give the fireplace a draft, and also made it possible to put fireplaces in numerous rooms in buildings handily. They did not come into general use instantly, however, as they were expensive to build and maintain.Benjamin Franklin developed a convection chamber for the fireplace that greatly improved the efficiency of fireplaces and wood stoves. He also enhanced the airflow by pulling air from a basement and venting a lengthier area at the very top. In the later 18th century, Count Rumford designed a fireplace using a tall, shallow firebox which was better at drawing the smoke up and from the building. The shallow design also improved greatly the amount of radiant heat projected into the space. Rumford's design is the basis for modern kitchens.
The Aesthetic movement of the 1870s and 1880s took to a more traditional spectra based on stone and also deflected unnecessary ornamentation. Instead it relied on simple layouts with little unnecessary ornamentation. In the 1890s the Aesthetic movement gave way into the Arts and Crafts movement, where the emphasis was placed on providing quality stone. Stone fireplaces at this time have been a sign of prosperity, which to a degree remains the idea today.A fireplace is a construction made of brick, stone or metal designed to include a fire. Fireplaces are used for the relaxing ambiance they create and for heating a space. Modern fireplaces vary in heat efficiency, depending on the design.Historically they were used for heating a home, cooking, and heating water for domestic and laundry uses. A fire is contained in a firebox or firepit; a chimney or alternative flue allows exhaust to escape. A fireplace might have the following: a base, a hearth, a firebox, a mantelpiece; a chimney (used in laundry and kitchen fireplaces), a grate, a lintel, a lintel bar, home overmantel, a damper, a smoke room, a neck, a flue, and a chimney filter or afterburner.
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On the exterior there is frequently a corbeled brick crown, in which the casting courses of brick function as a drip course to keep rainwater from running down the outside walls. A hood, cap, or shroud serves to keep rainwater out of the exterior of the chimney; rain at the chimney is a much greater problem in chimneys lined with impervious flue tiles or metal liners compared with the traditional masonry chimney, that soaks up all but the most violent rain. Some chimneys have a spark arrestor integrated into the cap or crown.
Organizations such as the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the Washington Department of Ecology warn that, according to various studies, fireplaces could pose a substantial health threat. The EPA writes"Smoke may smell good, but it's not good for you.Types of fireplacesArtificial fireplaces are made out of sheet metal or glass flame boxes.Electric fireplaces can be built-in replacements for wood or gas or retrofit with log inserts or electrical fireboxes.
Masonry and prefabricated fireplaces can be fueled by wood, natural gas, biomass and propane fuel sources. In the USA, several states and local counties have laws limiting these kinds of fireplaces. They need to be suitably sized to the area to be heated. There are also air quality control issues because of the amount of moisture that they release in the room atmosphere, and oxygen sensor and carbon dioxide sensors are safety essentials. Direct vent fireplaces have been fueled by liquid propane or natural gas. They are completely sealed in the area that's heated, and port all exhaust gasses into the outside of the structure.
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Over time, the intent behind fireplaces has transformed from one of necessity to one of visual interest. Early ones were fire pits compared to contemporary fireplaces. They have been used for warmth on chilly days and nights, as well as for cooking. They also served as a gathering place inside the house. These fire pits were generally based within a space, allowing more people to gather around it.
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Many defects were found in early fireplace designs. The most renowned fireplace designers of the period were the Adam Brothers. They perfected a style of fireplace design which has been used for generations. It was smaller, more brightly colored, with an emphasis on the quality of the substances used in their construction, instead of their dimensions.
By the 1800s newest fireplaces were made up of 2 components, the surround as well as the insert. The surround consisted of the mantlepiece and sides affirms, usually in wood, granite or marble. The fit was fire burnt, and was built of cast iron frequently backed with ornamental tiles. In addition to providing warmth, the fireplaces of the Victorian era were believed to bring a cozy ambiance to houses.How to Easily Paint a Stone Fireplace Charcoal Grey Fireplace Makeover Dans le Lakehouse Video
Some fireplace components incorporate a blower which transfers more of the fireplace's heat to the atmosphere via convection, resulting in a more evenly heated area and a decrease heating load. Fireplace efficiency can also be increased by means of a fireback, a sheet of metal which sits behind the fire and reflects heat back into the room. Firebacks are traditionally made from cast iron, but are also made from stainless steel. Efficiency is a complex concept although with open hearth fireplaces. Most efficiency tests consider just the effect of heating of the air. An open fireplace isn't, and never was, intended to heat the atmosphere. A fireplace with a fireback is a radiant heater, and has done so as the 15th century. The best method to gauge the output signal of a fireplace is if you notice you are turning the thermostat down or up.
Most elderly fireplaces have a relatively low efficiency score. Standard, modern, wood-burning masonry fireplaces still possess an efficiency rating of 80% (legal minimum necessity such as in Salzburg/Austria). To improve efficiency, fireplaces can also be altered by adding special heavy fireboxes designed to burn cleaner and can reach efficiencies as high as 80 percent in heating the air. These altered fireplaces are usually equipped with a massive fire window, enabling an efficient heating system in two phases. During the first phase the first heat is provided through a large glass while the flame is burning. During this time period the structure, constructed of refractory bricks, absorbs the warmth. This warmth is then evenly radiated for many hours during the next phase. Masonry fireplaces without a glass fire window just offer heat radiated from the surface. Based on temperatures 1 to 2 daily firings are sufficient to guarantee a constant room temperature.fireplace paint
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