Ancient fire pits were sometimes built from the ground, within caves, or in the middle of a hut or home. Evidence of ancient, man-made flames exists on all five inhabited continents. The drawback of premature indoor flame pits was that they produced toxic and/or annoying smoke inside the house.Fire pits developed into elevated hearths in buildings, but ventilation smoke depended on open windows or openings in roofs. The great hall typically needed a centrally located hearth, where a open fire burned with the smoke rising to the vent in the roof. Louvers were developed throughout the Middle Ages to allow the roof vents to be covered so snow and rain would not enter.
Also during the Middle Ages, smoke canopies were invented to prevent smoke from dispersing a room and vent it outside through a wall or roof. These can be put against rock walls, rather than taking up the center of the room, and this enabled smaller chambers to be warmed.Chimneys were invented in northern Europe in the 11th or 12th centuries and mostly fixed the problem of fumes, more reliably venting smoke out. They made it feasible to give the fireplace a draft, and also made it possible to put fireplaces in multiple rooms in buildings conveniently. They didn't come into general use instantly, however, as they were more expensive to develop and maintain.Benjamin Franklin developed a convection room for the fireplace which greatly improved the efficiency of fireplaces and wood stoves. In addition, he improved the airflow by pulling air from a basement and venting out a longer area at the top. At the later 18th century, Count Rumford designed a fireplace using a tall, shallow firebox that was better at drawing the smoke up and from the construction. The shallow design also improved greatly the amount of radiant warmth projected into the room. Rumford's layout is the foundation for modern kitchens.
The Aesthetic movement of the 1870s and 1880s took to a more conventional spectra based on stone and also deflected unnecessary ornamentation. Rather it relied on simple designs with little unnecessary ornamentation. From the 1890s the Aesthetic movement gave way to the Arts and Crafts movement, where the emphasis was still placed on supplying quality stone. Stone fireplaces at this time have been a sign of wealth, which to some degree remains the notion today.A fireplace is a structure made from brick, stone or metal made to include a fire. Fireplaces are used for the relaxing ambiance that they create and for heating a room. Modern fireplaces vary in heat efficiency, depending upon the plan.Historically they have been used for heating a dwelling, cooking, and heating water for domestic and laundry uses.
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On the exterior there is often a corbeled brick crown, where the projecting courses of brick act as a drip course to keep rainwater from running down the exterior walls. A hood, cap, or shroud serves to keep rainwater from the outside of the chimney; rain in the chimney is a much greater difficulty in chimneys lined with impervious flue tiles or metal liners compared with the standard masonry chimney, that divides up all but the rain. A few chimneys have a spark arrestor incorporated into the cap or crown.
The EPA writes"Smoke may smell great, but it's not good for you.Types of fireplacesManufactured fireplaces are made with sheet metal or glass fire boxes.Electric fireplaces could be built-in replacements for wood or gas or retrofit with log inserts or electrical fireboxes.
Masonry and prefabricated fireplaces can be fueled by wood, natural gas, biomass and gas fuel sources. In the USA, some states and local businesses have laws restricting these types of fireplaces. There are also air quality control problems because of the amount of moisture that they release into the room air, and oxygen sensor and carbon monoxide sensors are safety essentials. Direct vent fireplaces are fueled by liquid propane or natural gas. They are totally sealed in the place that is heated, and port all exhaust gasses into the outside of the structure.
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As time passes, the purpose of fireplaces has changed from one of requirement to one of visual interest. Early ones were fire pits than modern fireplaces. They have been used for heat on chilly days and nights, in addition to for cooking. They also functioned as a gathering place inside the house. These fire pits were generally based within a space, allowing more individuals to gather around it.
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Many flaws were found in ancient fireplace designs. Together with the Industrial Revolution, came large scale housing developments, requiring a standardization of fireplaces. The most famous fireplace performers of this time were the Adam Brothers. They perfected a kind of fireplace design which has been used for generations. It had been smaller, more brightly lit, with an emphasis on the level of the materials used in their construction, as opposed to their dimensions.
By the 1800s most new fireplaces were composed of 2 parts, the surround and the add. The surround comprised of the mantlepiece and sides affirms, usually in wood, granite or marble. The insert was fire burned, and was built of cast iron frequently backed with ornamental tiles. In addition to providing warmth, the fireplaces of the Victorian era were thought to add a cozy ambiance to homes.Tips to Make Fireplace Mantel Décor for a Wedding Day MidCityEast Video
Some fireplace units incorporate a blower which transfers more of the fireplace's heat to the air via convection, resulting in a more evenly heated space and a lower heating load. Fireplace efficiency is also increased by means of a fireback, a sheet of metal which sits behind the fire and reflects heat back into the room. Firebacks are traditionally made from cast iron, but can also be made from stainless steel. Efficiency is a complex concept although with open hearth fireplaces. Most efficiency tests consider just the effect of heating of the air. An open fireplace is not, and never was, designed to heat the atmosphere. A fireplace with a fireback is a radiant heater, and has done so since the 15th century. The ideal method to gauge the output of a fireplace is in case you notice you are turning the thermostat down or up.
Most older fireplaces have a relatively low efficiency rating. Standard, modern, wood-burning masonry fireplaces still possess an efficiency rating of at least 80% (legal minimum requirement such as in Salzburg/Austria). To boost efficiency, fireplaces can also be modified by inserting special heavy fireboxes developed to burn much cleaner and can reach efficiencies as large as 80% in heating the atmosphere. These modified fireplaces are often equipped with a massive fire window, allowing an efficient heating system in two stages. During the first stage the initial heat is offered through a large glass while the fire is burning. During this time the structure, constructed of refractory bricks, absorbs the heat. This warmth is then equally radiated for many hours during the next phase. Masonry fireplaces without a glass fire window only offer heat radiated from the surface. Depending on outside temperatures 1 to two daily firings are sufficient to guarantee a constant room temperature.fireplace mantel ideas
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