Ancient fire pits were sometimes built in the ground, in caves, or in the middle of a hut or dwelling. Evidence of ancient, man-made flames exists on all five inhabited continents. The disadvantage of early indoor flame pits was that they generated toxic and/or annoying smoke inside the dwelling.Fire pits grown into raised hearths in buildings, but ventilation smoke relied on open windows or openings in roofs. The medieval great hall typically needed a centrally located hearth, where a open fire burnt with the smoke climbing into the vent in the roof. Louvers were developed throughout the Middle Ages to enable the roof vents to be coated so rain and snow wouldn't enter.
Additionally throughout the Middle Ages, smoke canopies were invented to stop smoke from spreading through a room and vent it out via a ceiling or wall. These can be put against stone walls, rather than taking up the middle of the space, and this allowed smaller rooms to be warmed.Chimneys were invented in northern Europe from the 11th or 12th centuries and mostly fixed the issue of fumes, more reliably venting smoke out. They made it possible to give the fireplace a draft, and also made it possible to place fireplaces in multiple rooms in buildings handily. They didn't come into general usage immediately, however, since they were expensive to develop and maintain.The 18th century saw two major developments in the history of fireplaces. Benjamin Franklin developed a convection room for the fireplace that greatly improved the efficacy of fireplaces and wood stoves. In addition, he improved the airflow by pulling air from a cellar and venting a longer place at the top. At the later 18th century, Count Rumford designed a fireplace with a tall, shallow firebox that has been better at drawing the smoke up and from the building. The shallow design improved greatly the amount of radiant warmth projected to the space. Rumford's design is the basis for modern kitchens.
The Aesthetic movement of the 1870s and 1880s took on a more traditional spectra based on stone and deflected unnecessary ornamentation. Instead it relied on simple designs with small unnecessary ornamentation. In the 1890s the Aesthetic movement gave way to the Arts and Crafts movement, where the emphasis was placed on supplying quality gems. Stone fireplaces at this time have been a symbol of wealth, which to a degree is still the notion today.A fireplace is a construction made from brick, stone or metal designed to contain a fire. Fireplaces are utilized for its relaxing ambiance they create and also for heating a room. Modern fireplaces vary in heat efficacy, depending on the plan.Historically they have been used for heating a dwelling, cooking, and heating water for laundry and domestic uses. A fire is contained in a firebox or firepit; a chimney or other flue allows exhaust to escape.
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On the exterior there's often a corbeled brick crown, in which the casting courses of brick act as a drip course to keep rainwater from running down the exterior walls. A hood, cap, or shroud functions to keep rainwater out of the outside of the chimney; rain in the chimney is a much larger problem in chimneys lined with impervious flue tiles or metal liners compared with the traditional masonry chimney, which divides up all but the most violent rain. Some chimneys have a spark arrestor incorporated into the cap or crown.
Organizations like the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the Washington Department of Ecology warn that, according to different studies, fireplaces can pose a significant health risk. The EPA writes"Smoke may smell good, but it's not great for you.Kinds of fireplacesArtificial fireplaces are made out of sheet glass or metal flame boxes.Electric fireplaces could be built-in replacements for gas or wood or retrofit with log inserts or electric fireboxes.
Ventless Fireplaces (duct free/room-venting fireplaces) are fueled by either gel, liquid propane, bottled gas or natural gas. In the USA, several states and local counties have laws limiting these kinds of fireplaces. They must be suitably sized to the area to be heated. There are also air quality control issues because of the amount of moisture that they discharge in the room air, and oxygen detector and carbon monoxide sensors are safety essentials. Direct vent fireplaces are fueled by either liquid propane or natural gas. They are totally sealed from the area that is heated, and port all exhaust gasses into the outside of the structure.
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Over time, the intent behind fireplaces has changed from one of necessity to one of interest. Early ones were fire pits than contemporary fireplaces. They were used for heat on cold days and nights, in addition to for cooking. They also functioned as a gathering place inside the home. These fire pits were usually based within a space, allowing more individuals to gather around it.
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Many defects were found in ancient fireplace designs. Together with the Industrial Revolution, came large scale housing developments, necessitating a standardization of fireplaces. The most famous fireplace designers of this period were the Adam Brothers. They perfected a style of fireplace design which has been used for generations. It had been smaller, more brightly lit, with an emphasis on the level of the substances used in their construction, instead of their size.
By the 1800s newest fireplaces were composed of 2 components, the surround and the insert. The encircle consisted of the mantlepiece and sides affirms, usually in wood, marble or granite. The fit was fire burned, and was built of cast iron often backed with decorative tiles. In addition to providing warmth, the fireplaces of the Victorian age were believed to bring a cozy ambiance to houses.Home Improvement: Build your own Fireplace Mantel Hearth craftsman style Make It and Love It Video
Some fireplace units include a blower that transfers more of the fireplace's heat to the atmosphere via convection, leading to a more evenly heated space and a lower heating load. Fireplace efficiency is also enhanced with the use of a fireback, a sheet of metal that sits behind the fire and reflects heat back into the room. Firebacks are traditionally produced from cast iron, but can also be manufactured from stainless steel. Efficiency is a complex concept although with open hearth fireplaces. Most efficiency tests consider only the impact of heating of the atmosphere. An open fireplace isn't, and never was, designed to heat the air. A fireplace with a fireback is a toaster, and has done so since the 15th century. The ideal way to estimate the output signal of a fireplace is if you detect you're turning the thermostat up or down.
Most elderly fireplaces have a relatively low efficiency score. Standard, contemporary, weatherproof masonry fireplaces though have an efficiency rating of 80% (legal minimum requirement such as in Salzburg/Austria). To boost efficiency, fireplaces may also be modified by inserting special heavy fireboxes developed to burn much cleaner and may reach efficiencies as large as 80% in heating the atmosphere. These modified fireplaces are usually equipped with a massive fire window, enabling an efficient heating process in two stages. During the first stage the first heat is provided through a big glass while the flame is burning. During this time the structure, constructed of refractory bricks, absorbs the warmth. This warmth is then evenly radiated for several hours during the second phase. Masonry fireplaces without a glass fire window just offer heat radiated from the surface. Based on temperatures 1 to 2 daily firings are sufficient to ensure a constant room temperature.fireplace mantle
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