Historical fire pits were sometimes constructed from the ground, in caves, or in the middle of a hut or home. Evidence of prehistoric, man-made fires is present on all five inhabited continents. The drawback of early indoor flame pits was that they generated hazardous or annoying smoke inside the dwelling.Fire pits grown into raised hearths in buildings, but ventilation smoke relied on open windows or holes in roofs. The great hall typically had a centrally located hearth, where an open fire burned with the smoke rising to the port in the roof. Louvers were developed throughout the Middle Ages to allow the roof vents to be coated so snow and rain would not enter.
Additionally throughout the Middle Ages, smoke canopies were invented to prevent smoke from spreading through a room and vent it outside via a ceiling or wall. These could be put against rock walls, rather than taking up the middle of the space, and this enabled smaller rooms to be heated.Chimneys were devised in northern Europe in the 11th or 12th centuries and largely fixed the problem of fumes, more faithfully venting smoke outside. They made it possible to provide the fireplace a draft, and also made it feasible to place fireplaces in multiple rooms in buildings conveniently. They did not come into general usage immediately, however, as they were more expensive to build and maintain.In 1678 Prince Rupert, nephew of Charles I, raised the grate of the fireplace, improving the venting and airflow system. Benjamin Franklin developed a convection room for the fireplace that greatly enhanced the efficacy of fireplaces and wood stoves. He also improved the airflow by pulling air from a cellar and venting out a longer place at the top. At the later 18th century, Count Rumford designed a fireplace using a tall, shallow firebox which has been better at drawing up the smoke and out of the building. The shallow design also improved greatly the quantity of radiant warmth projected to the room. Rumford's layout is the basis for modern kitchens.
Instead it depended on simple designs with little unnecessary ornamentation. In the 1890s the Aesthetic movement gave way into the Arts and Crafts movement, in which the emphasis was still placed on providing quality gems. Stone fireplaces now were a symbol of prosperity, which to some degree is still the notion today.A fireplace is a structure made of brick, stone or metal designed to contain a fire. Fireplaces are used for its relaxing ambiance that they create and also for heating a room. Modern fireplaces change in heat efficiency, depending upon the plan.Historically they have been used for heating a home, cooking, and heating water for laundry and domestic uses. A fire is contained in a firebox or firepit; a chimney or other flue allows exhaust to escape. A fireplace may have the following: a foundation, a hearth, a firebox, a mantelpiece; a chimney (utilized in laundry and kitchen fireplaces), a grate, a lintel, a lintel bar, house overmantel, a damper, a smoke chamber, a neck, a flue, and a chimney filter or afterburner.
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On the exterior there is frequently a corbeled brick crown, in which the casting courses of brick function as a drip course to keep rainwater from running down the outside walls. A hood, cap, or shroud serves to keep rainwater out of the outside of the chimney; rain in the chimney is a much greater problem in chimneys lined with impervious flue tiles or metal liners compared with the standard masonry chimney, that divides up all but the rain. Some chimneys have a spark arrestor integrated into the crown or cap.
Organizations such as the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the Washington Department of Ecology warn that, according to different studies, fireplaces could pose a substantial health risk. The EPA writes"Smoke may smell good, but it's not great for you.Types of fireplacesManufactured fireplaces are made out of sheet metal or glass flame boxes.Electric fireplaces could be built-in replacements for either gas or wood or retrofit with log inserts or electrical fireboxes.
In the USA, several states and local businesses have laws restricting these kinds of fireplaces. They need to be suitably sized to the area to be heated. There are also air quality control problems due to the amount of moisture they discharge into the room air, and oxygen detector and carbon dioxide sensors are security essentials. Direct vent fireplaces have been fueled by either liquid propane or natural gas. They are totally sealed from the place that is heated, and port all exhaust gasses into the outside of the structure.
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Over time, the intent behind fireplaces has transformed from one of necessity to one of visual interest. Early ones were fire pits than contemporary fireplaces. They were used for heat on cold days and nights, as well as for cooking. They also functioned as a gathering place within the house. These fire pits were generally based within a room, allowing more people to collect around it.
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Many flaws were found in ancient fireplace designs. Together with the Industrial Revolution, came large scale housing developments, necessitating a standardization of fireplaces. The most renowned fireplace designers of the period were the Adam Brothers. They perfected a style of fireplace design that has been used for generations. It was smaller, more brightly lit, with an emphasis on the quality of the materials used in their construction, instead of their size.
From the 1800s most new fireplaces were made up of 2 parts, the surround as well as the add. The surround consisted of the mantlepiece and sides supports, usually in wood, marble or granite. The insert was where the fire burned, and was built of cast iron frequently backed with ornamental tiles. As well as providing warmth, the fireplaces of the Victorian era were thought to add a cozy ambiance into houses.Crane Flock Fireplace Decorative Metal Fire Screen Heron Cranes Birds ~ SPI Home eBay Video
Some fireplace units include a blower that transfers more of the fireplace's heat to the air via convection, resulting in a more evenly heated space and a decrease heating load. Fireplace efficiency is also increased by means of a fireback, a piece of metal that sits behind the flame and reflects heat back into the room. Firebacks are traditionally made from cast iron, but are also manufactured from stainless steel. Efficiency is a complicated notion although with open hearth fireplaces. Most efficiency tests consider only the effect of heating of the atmosphere. An open fireplace is not, and never was, designed to heat the atmosphere. The ideal method to gauge the output signal of a fireplace is in case you detect you are turning the thermostat down or up.
Most older fireplaces have a relatively low efficiency score. Standard, contemporary, weatherproof masonry fireplaces though have an efficiency rating of 80% (legal minimum requirement for example in Salzburg/Austria). To improve efficiency, fireplaces may also be modified by inserting special heavy fireboxes developed to burn cleaner and can reach efficiencies as high as 80 percent in heating the atmosphere. These altered fireplaces are often equipped with a massive fire window, enabling an efficient heating process in two phases. During the first stage the initial heat is provided through a big glass while the fire is burning. In this time period the structure, built of refractory bricks, absorbs the warmth. This warmth is then evenly radiated for many hours during the next stage. Masonry fireplaces without a glass fire window only offer heat radiated from its surface. Based on outside temperatures 1 to 2 daily firings are sufficient to guarantee a constant room temperature.decorative fireplace screens
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