Ancient fire pits were sometimes constructed from the ground, within caves, or at the center of a hut or home. Evidence of ancient, man-made fires exists on all five inhabited continents. The disadvantage of early indoor flame pits was that they produced hazardous or annoying smoke within the house.Fire pits grown into raised hearths in buildings, but ventilation smoke depended on open windows or openings in roofs. The great hall typically had a centrally situated hearth, where a open flame burnt with the smoke rising to the port in the roof. Louvers were developed throughout the Middle Ages to allow the roof vents to be covered so snow and rain wouldn't enter.
Also throughout the Middle Ages, smoke canopies were devised to stop smoke from spreading through an area and vent it outside via a ceiling or wall. These can be put against stone walls, instead of taking up the middle of the space, and this enabled smaller chambers to be warmed.Chimneys were invented in northern Europe in the 11th or 12th centuries and largely fixed the problem of fumes, more reliably venting smoke outside. They made it feasible to provide the fireplace a draft, and also made it possible to put fireplaces in numerous rooms in buildings handily. They did not come into general usage instantly, however, as they were expensive to build and maintain.In 1678 Prince Rupert, nephew of Charles I, raised the grate of the fireplace, improving the airflow and venting system. Benjamin Franklin developed a convection chamber for the fireplace that greatly improved the efficacy of fireplaces and wood stoves. He also enhanced the airflow by pulling air from a basement and venting out a longer place on very top. In the later 18th century, Count Rumford made a fireplace with a tall, shallow firebox which has been better at drawing up the smoke and from the building. The shallow design improved greatly the quantity of radiant warmth projected to the room. Rumford's layout is the basis for modern fireplaces.
The Aesthetic movement of the 1870s and 1880s took to a more conventional spectra based on rock and deflected unnecessary ornamentation. Instead it relied on simple designs with small unnecessary ornamentation. From the 1890s the Aesthetic movement gave way into the Arts and Crafts movement, in which the emphasis was still placed on providing quality stone. Stone fireplaces now have been a sign of prosperity, which to some degree is still the notion today.A fireplace is a construction made from brick, stone or metal made to include a fire. Fireplaces are utilized for the relaxing ambiance they create and for heating a room. Modern fireplaces vary in heat efficiency, depending upon the design.Historically they were utilized for heating a dwelling, cooking, and heating water for laundry and domestic uses. A fireplace might have the following: a foundation, a hearth, a firebox, a mantelpiece; a chimney crane (utilized in kitchen and laundry fireplaces), a grate, a lintel, a lintel pub, home overmantel, a damper, a smoke chamber, a throat, a flue, and a chimney filter or afterburner.
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On the exterior there is frequently a corbeled brick crown, in which the projecting courses of brick act as a drip course to keep rainwater from running down the exterior walls. A cap, hood, or shroud serves to keep rainwater out of the outside of the chimney; rain in the chimney is a far larger problem in chimneys lined with impervious flue tiles or metallic liners compared with the standard masonry chimney, that divides up all but the most violent rain. A few chimneys have a spark arrestor integrated into the cap or crown.
The EPA writes"Smoke may smell good, but it is not great for you.Types of fireplacesManufactured fireplaces are made out of sheet metal or glass fire boxes.Electric fireplaces can be built-in replacements for wood or gas or retrofit with log inserts or electrical fireboxes.
In the USA, several states and local businesses have laws limiting these kinds of fireplaces. They need to be properly sized to the area to be heated. Additionally, there are air quality control problems due to the amount of moisture they discharge into the room atmosphere, and oxygen sensor and carbon dioxide sensors are safety essentials. Direct vent fireplaces are fueled by liquid propane or natural gas. They are completely sealed from the area that's heated, and port all exhaust gasses to the exterior of the structure.
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Over time, the intent behind fireplaces has changed from one of requirement to one of visual interest. Early ones were more fire pits than contemporary fireplaces. They were used for warmth on chilly days and nights, as well as for cooking. They also functioned as a gathering place within the house. These fire pits were generally based within a room, allowing more people to gather around it.
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Many defects were found in ancient fireplace designs. Along with the Industrial Revolution, came large scale housing developments, necessitating a standardization of fireplaces. The most famous fireplace designers of the time were the Adam Brothers. They perfected a kind of fireplace design that was used for generations. It was smaller, more brightly colored, with a emphasis on the level of the substances used in their construction, as opposed to their dimensions.
By the 1800s most new fireplaces were made up of two parts, the surround and the insert. The surround comprised of the mantlepiece and sides supports, typically in wood, granite or marble. The insert was fire burned, and was constructed of cast iron often backed with decorative tiles. As well as providing heat, the fireplaces of the Victorian era were thought to bring a cozy ambiance to houses.50+ Absolutely fabulous Christmas mantel decorating ideas Video
Some fireplace components include a blower which transfers more of the fireplace's heat to the atmosphere via convection, resulting in a more evenly heated area and a decrease heating load. Fireplace efficiency can also be increased by means of a fireback, a piece of metal which sits behind the fire and reflects heat back into the room. Firebacks are traditionally made from cast iron, but can also be manufactured from stainless steel. Efficiency is a complex concept although with open hearth fireplaces. Most efficiency tests consider only the impact of heating of the atmosphere. An open fireplace is not, and never was, intended to warm the air. The ideal way to estimate the output of a fireplace is in case you notice you're turning the thermostat down or up.
Most elderly fireplaces have a relatively low efficiency score. Standard, modern, wood-burning masonry fireplaces still possess an efficiency rating of 80% (legal minimum requirement for example in Salzburg/Austria). To boost efficiency, fireplaces may also be altered by adding special heavy fireboxes developed to burn cleaner and may reach efficiencies as high as 80% in heating the atmosphere. These altered fireplaces are usually equipped with a large fire window, allowing an efficient heating process in two stages. During the first phase the first heat is provided through a large glass window while the fire is burning. In this time the structure, constructed of refractory bricks, absorbs the warmth. This heat is then evenly radiated for many hours during the second stage. Masonry fireplaces with no glass fire window just offer heat radiated from its surface. Depending on outside temperatures 1 to 2 daily firings are sufficient to guarantee a constant room temperature.fireplace mantel decor
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